ArkeaBio is using innovative vaccine technologies to create solutions to reduce the on-farm methane emissions responsible for 6% of global GHG emissions. ArkeaBio technology will be integrated into proven delivery systems and farming practices to safely reduce global methane emissions from multiple ruminant species across a variety of geographies and agronomic systems.

Graphyte developed its Carbon Casting technology to address the need to remove billions of tons of CO2 from the atmosphere at a price governments and companies can afford. Combining photosynthesis with practical engineering, Graphyte’s Carbon Casting provides an immediately scalable pathway for low-cost carbon removal with durability over 1,000 years.

Pachama is a technology company on a mission to restore nature to solve climate change. Harnessing the latest advancements in satellite imagery, remote sensing and machine learning, Pachama measures the carbon stored in our forests with unprecedented precision and monitors forest growth over time. Through the Pachama platform, responsible companies can confidently invest in high-quality forest conservation projects verified by Pachama’s rigorous evaluation process.

Pivot Bio has transformed the way fertilizer is produced and used by the world’s farmers. Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer supports the demands of today’s global food system. But it is inefficient, expensive for farmers, contributes to seven percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, depletes soils, and harms water supplies and fisheries — synthetic nitrogen is no longer a viable solution for farmers and food security.

Since the company introduced the industry’s first commercially available microbial nitrogen in 2019, Pivot Bio has replaced synthetic nitrogen on more than 1 million crop acres in 2021 alone, representing more than 300% growth year-over-year and unprecedented agricultural product adoption. Pivot Bio’s clean nitrogen immediately decreases and permanently prevents synthetic nitrogen emissions from the environment, potentially avoiding approximately $200 billion of environmental impact. Pivot Bio has achieved these breakthroughs with proprietary computational and microbiome technologies, multi-scale automated testing, and deep scientific expertise unrivaled by any other company in its market.

Prolific Machines is a biomanufacturing company inventing novel technologies to grow and differentiate stem cells at a dramatically lower cost relative to conventional means. The initial focus of the company is cultured meat, but the technology they are developing is cell-agnostic, meaning that it could be applied to myriad different applications in biotechnology.

Rize is a joint venture between BEV, Temasek, Wavemaker Impact, and GenZero to decarbonize rice cultivation in Asia. It is building a platform to identify and implement the most effective strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in rice cultivation, and the right economic incentives to drive the adoption of sustainable cultivation techniques. Rize’s initial target markets are Indonesia and Vietnam, with plans to expand more broadly within the region.

Enteric emissions are the largest source of anthropogenic methane (CH4). Rumin8 harnesses lessons from nature to create climate-friendly supplements that reduce methane emissions from livestock. Rumin8’s unique strength is in its patent-protected technology and proprietary expertise in synthesizing and stabilizing otherwise volatile bioactive compounds (compounds that degrade or evaporate when separated from their natural plant-based carrier), which are found in nature. The company’s technology is applicable to a range of methane-reducing compounds found in plants and they are developing a range of feed supplements that can be provided to livestock in feedlot and pasture applications.

Savor is creating zero-carbon fats with the same simple ingredients plants use: carbon dioxide from the air and hydrogen from water. Modern agricultural fat production requires massive amounts of water and farmland, and releases billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere every year. Savor uses less than 1/1000th of the land and water, and reduces emissions to net zero.

SOURCE creates drinking water from sunlight and air using specially designed solar panels and materials. The company’s SOURCE® Hydropanels use the sun to draw pure water vapor out of the air and transform it into fresh, high-quality, perfectly mineralized drinking water. Because the company’s technology operates entirely off the grid, it is uniquely well-suited to serve areas with no reliable access to safe drinking water and those with little to no infrastructure, putting the fundamental right of safe, sustainable drinking water in the hands of every person in nearly every climate and corner of the world. Unlike piped, well, or bottled water, SOURCE water is produced where it’s needed and constantly measured and monitored by digital sensors in each panel. SOURCE®Hydropanels are currently serving communities, schools, hospitals, NGOs, businesses, and homes across the world.

75F is a building intelligence company using smart sensors and controls to make commercial buildings more safe, efficient, and comfortable than ever before. With over a million data points and decisions made daily per fifty thousand square feet of installed space, 75F predictively manages indoor air quality, proactively improves ventilation from outside air per CDC guidelines, and brings companies industry-leading energy efficiency and greenhouse gas reductions, right out of the box.

Aeroseal’s mission is to shrink carbon emissions from residential and commercial buildings with its breakthrough technology that addresses a challenge found in every building: energy waste caused by undetectable and unreachable leaks. Homes and buildings consume 40% of the nation’s energy, but an average of 30% of this energy is wasted according to the Department of Energy. Aeroseal’s smart technology finds the exact amount of leakage and targets all of the cracks and holes. They have already completed nearly 200,000 seals, saving up to $2 billion in energy waste globally.

Architects, structural engineers, owners, and developers are seeking proven ways to reduce the embodied carbon of their building projects. Recognizing concrete as a solution, CarbonCure Technologies, a fast-growing carbon dioxide removal company and co-winner of the NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE, has developed an easy-to-adopt technology that enables concrete producers to use captured carbon dioxide to produce reliable, low-carbon concrete mixes and achieve market differentiation. Available from hundreds of concrete plants, more than one million truckloads of CarbonCure mixes have supplied a broad spectrum of sustainable construction projects around the world.

enVerid Systems provides sustainable indoor air quality (IAQ) solutions and helps buildings achieve air quality goals, save money and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. Its flagship HVAC Load Reduction® (HLR) modules are award-winning air cleaners that deliver up to 40% HVAC energy savings and superior indoor air quality in new and existing buildings. For new HVAC systems, HLR modules also enable immediate capital cost savings. At the core of all HLR modules is enVerid Sorbent Ventilation TechnologyTM (SVTTM), uniquely designed to capture gaseous contaminants that degrade indoor environmental quality. enVerid’s HEPA air filtration products remove particulate and microorganism contamination, including viruses, from indoor air without the significant cost of upgrading mechanical systems and increasing mechanical ventilation rates. enVerid’s products are deployed in commercial, academic, and government buildings globally.

Antora Energy is electrifying heavy industry with thermal energy storage for zero-carbon heat and power to make it possible and profitable to fully rely on renewable energy for industrial processes. Antora’s thermal energy storage soaks up excess solar and wind electricity and uses it to heat blocks of carbon. This thermal energy is then delivered to customers as electricity or industrial process heat, up to 1500°C, on demand.

Baseload Capital is a specialized investment entity that funds the deployment of heat power worldwide. Heat power is a form of renewable energy that can be harnessed from pre-existing heat sources. This includes both geothermal heat and industrial waste heat. Unlike wind and solar power, heat power can provide a constant stream of electricity, regardless of the weather or the time of day. Baseload Capital has a portfolio of companies in Iceland, Japan, Taiwan and the U.S. that work with local communities and power companies to permit, build and commission heat power plants.

Scientists have been studying fusion for decades and have made significant progress, but have yet to achieve its potential as a commercial power source. However, its promise has continued to drive interest with the understanding that successfully deployed fusion power would transform the world’s energy landscape. Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) is uniquely positioned to deliver the fastest path to commercial fusion energy. Originally spun out of MIT’s Plasma Science and Fusion Center to leverage the decades of fusion research combined with the innovation and speed of the private sector, CFS and MIT are now collaborating to combine the historical research with new groundbreaking high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet technology. HTS magnets will enable compact fusion power plants that can be constructed faster and at lower cost. CFS is now building SPARC, the world’s first commercially relevant, net energy fusion demonstration device. SPARC will pave the way for the first fusion power plant, ARC, that will produce power on the grid.

ESS Inc. designs, builds and deploys environmentally sustainable, low- cost, iron flow batteries for long-duration commercial and utility-scale energy storage applications requiring from 4 to 12 hours of flexible energy capacity. The Energy WarehouseTM and Energy CenterTM use earth-abundant iron, salt, and water for the electrolyte, resulting in an environmentally benign, long-life energy storage solution for the world’s renewable energy infrastructure. Established in 2011, ESS Inc. enables project developers, utilities, and commercial and industrial facility owners to make the transition to more flexible, non-lithium-ion storage that is better suited for the grid and the environment.

Reactive Technologies is a grid resilience technology company helping grid operators, electric utilities, and regulators transition to net zero and ensure resilient renewables-based power grids. Reactive’s products, including the first-of-its-kind Grid-SonarTM technology, bring unprecedented transparency to grid operations by replacing guesswork and modeling with real-time measurements of grid inertia and other functions. Reactive has worked with some of the most advanced electric utilities in the world and consistently delivers accurate grid data that informs better planning, full utilization of electricity supplies, and cost savings while enabling an accelerated transition to clean energy.

Fervo Energy provides 24/7 carbon-free energy through the development of next-generation geothermal power. Fervo’s mission is to leverage innovation in geoscience to accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy. Geothermal has a major role to play in the future electric grid and Fervo’s key innovations bring a full suite of modern technology to make geothermal cost competitive. Fervo’s innovations include technologies such as advanced computational models, horizontal drilling, and distributed fiber optic sensing that have been developed with partners including Schlumberger, ARPA-E, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Fervo has an industry-leading development pipeline of projects with multiple partners including Google and East Bay Community Energy.

Terabase Energy is a solar technology company that aims to reduce the cost and increase the scalability of solar by building an interconnected digital and automation platform for the development, construction, and operations of utility-scale PV power plants. The Terabase platform will enable rapid deployment of solar plants at more competitive costs which will support both grid-connected PV plants as well as enable the cost-effective production of green hydrogen with PV in the future. Terabase’s existing suite of software includes cloud-based apps for plant design and optimization, solar energy modeling, and construction management. The company also offers power plant controls (SCADA) and engineering consulting services.

Koloma is a geologic hydrogen company with production methods that source hydrogen in a clean, continuous, and cost-effective manner, eliminating the barriers that have historically hindered widespread adoption. The company is actively engaged in exploration and are appraising assets that will play a significant role in U.S. decarbonization efforts. As the rapidly emerging geologic hydrogen industry takes shape, Koloma’s data-driven approach will power the discovery of geologic hydrogen resources around the world.

Malta is a developer of grid-scale long-duration thermal energy storage solutions. Incubated at X, the Moonshot Factory (formerly Google [X]), Malta has developed a Pumped Heat Energy Storage (PHES) system to provide long-duration, large-scale, cost-effective, and safe energy storage. Malta’s system stores electricity as thermal energy and then re-generates the electricity on demand for 200 hours or longer, meeting daily and weekly needs. Malta’s PHES system also generates clean heat for industrial and district heating applications.

TS Conductor products allow transmission & distribution grid operators to be active participants to the energy transition — by reducing line losses and accelerating the integration of wind, solar and battery storage — while leveraging existing infrastructure assets. Its products can be used to substitute ACSR conductors using the same tools and installation procedures. TS Conductor is a Minority Business Enterprise (MBE), and a public benefit company focused on sustainable development and GHG reduction.

Type One Energy Group is mission-driven to provide sustainable, affordable fusion power to the world. The company was formed in 2019 by a team of globally-recognized fusion scientists with a strong track record of building state-of-art stellarator fusion machines, together with veteran business leaders experienced in successfully scaling companies and commercializing energy technologies. Type One Energy applies proven advanced manufacturing methods, modern computational physics and high-field superconducting magnets to develop its optimized stellarator fusion energy system. Its FusionDirect development program pursues the lowest-risk, shortest-schedule path to a fusion power plant over the coming decade, using a partner-intensive and capital-efficient strategy.

44.01 is a carbon sequestration company focused on transforming captured carbon and mineralizing it into rock. Natural mineralization in peridotite happens when CO2 reacts with peridotite rock in nature. 44.01’s technology speeds up this natural process by taking captured CO2 and accelerating its reaction with peridotite underground, providing a safe and permanent solution. 44.01 is partnering with Climeworks and other carbon capture companies to provide an endpoint for their CO2 sequestration efforts.

Boston Metal is a global metals technology solutions company that is commercializing molten oxide electrolysis (MOE), a patented tonnage metals production platform. Steel is the backbone of the industrialized world, with 1.9 billion tonnes produced each year to build transportation systems, skyscrapers and infrastructure; however, the production of steel is responsible for more than eight percent of global carbon dioxide emission. Boston Metal’s MOE technology uses electricity to transform metals from a raw oxide form into high-purity molten metal products, facilitating CO2 emissions-free steel production from a wide array of iron ores in a potentially more efficient, less costly and more sustainable approach. Boston Metal works closely with customers to tailor the MOE technology for specific alloys, feedstocks, and business needs.

C-Zero is commercializing a proprietary process for transforming natural gas into clean hydrogen and a solid carbon co-product to unlock the zero-emission energy embedded in natural gas. More than $100 billion of commodity hydrogen is produced annually, but most of the production comes from steam methane reforming, which co-produces large quantities of CO2. With C-Zero’s technology, there is potential to decarbonize hydrogen generation for major (existing and emerging) segments of the agricultural, chemical, manufacturing and transportation sectors.

Dioxycle is pioneering breakthrough carbon utilization technologies that convert industrial emissions into sustainable chemicals with unprecedented energy and cost efficiency. By displacing fossil fuels for the production of key chemicals, Dioxycle has the potential to ultimately reduce over 800 million tons of CO2 per year, representing over 2% of the world’s emissions.

This technology will provide a solution for the many industries across the globe that have unavoidable CO2 emissions in their processes. With a device that converts CO2 into low-carbon fuels, Dioxycle will give these industries a means to generate value from their CO2 and therefore an economic incentive to avoid carbon emissions.

H2Pro is a renewable energy company that is working on an efficient green hydrogen production method known as E-TAC. Its mission is to enable the wide-scale adoption of sustainable hydrogen fuel by introducing a novel water-splitting technology. H2Pro was founded in 2019 by leading hydrogen experts from the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in collaboration with the team that founded Viber, Juno and iMesh.

Naturally occurring minerals — alongside forests, soils, and the ocean — are one of our planet’s most vital carbon sinks. Over geological timescales, carbon dioxide in the air and water chemically binds to these minerals and permanently turns to stone. The technology that enhances this natural process, called carbon mineralization, helps minerals absorb CO2 from the ambient air in days, rather than years. By combining the best of engineering and nature, Heirloom can offer the most cost- effective and scalable Direct Air Capture solution in the world. Heirloom’s mission is to remove 1 billion tons of CO2 from the atmosphere by 2035. Founded in 2020 by repeat entrepreneurs and invented by the world’s leading experts in carbon dioxide removal, Heirloom is able to offer the most cost-effective and scalable direct air capture solution on the market.

Energy-intensive industrial processes power the world’s economies. But the high temperature heat they require is the world’s largest source of CO2 emissions. Rondo Energy has a new, surprisingly simple solution to the critical need for low cost, zero-carbon heat. Intermittent wind and solar power charge the Rondo Heat Battery, which supplies continuous heat to industrial processes making food, fuels, water, metals, chemicals, and cement. The Rondo Heat Battery leverages the plunging costs of wind and solar power to deliver deep emissions reductions and big cost savings — simply, safely, and without process changes.

Blue World Technologies is developing and manufacturing methanol fuel cell components and systems for the automotive and heavy-duty transportation sectors and stationary and APU applications around the world. The fuel cells act as a green alternative to combustion engines and diesel generators. One of the largest challenges in ensuring a net-zero future lies within the maritime sector, where direct electrification is not an option due to operational requirements. With an annual CO2 reduction potential of 1.8 Gt in 2050, new technologies and fuels are essential. The fuel cell systems from Blue World Technologies enable a green, CO2- neutral operation with zero particle outlet. As a flexible power solution, the system can be used for auxiliary power, for smaller gensets or larger power units in the megawatt range, or for propulsion depending on ship type and customer needs.

Heart’s mission is to create the world’s greenest, most affordable, and most accessible form of transport. This mission is grounded in the outlook that electric air travel will become the new normal for regional flights and can be transformational in addressing the industry’s key sustainability challenges. Heart Aerospace develops the ES-30, a regional electric airplane with a standard seating capacity of 30 passengers driven by electric motors with battery derived energy. The ES-30 will have a fully electric zero emissions range of 200 kilometers, an extended range of 400 kilometers with 30 passengers and flexibility to fly up to 800 kilometers with 25 passengers, all including typical airline reserves.

Our Next Energy (ONE) is a developer of innovative energy storage systems. Founded in 2020 by Mujeeb Ijaz, a battery systems engineer with more than 30 years of experience, the ONE engineering team is focused on safer battery chemistries that use sustainable raw materials while creating a reliable, low cost and conflict-free supply chain.

ZeroAvia is a leader in zero-emission aviation, focused on hydrogen- electric aviation solutions to address a variety of markets, initially targeting a 19-seat aircraft used for commercial passenger transport, cargo, agriculture, and more. Twenty-five percent of the world’s carbon emissions are predicted to come from the aviation sector in 2050, but electrification is challenging due to the weight limitations and lifecycles of batteries. With hydrogen-electric solutions, ZeroAvia is using hydrogen in fuel cells to generate electricity that powers their electric motors. ZeroAvia has already secured experimental certificates for two prototype aircraft from the CAA and FAA, passed significant flight test milestones, and is on track for commercial operations in 2024.

Claes Kollberg is a Cohort 2 Breakthrough Energy Fellow and Chief Technology Officer of CemVision. CemVision is using an algorithmic approach to cement production to reduce CO2 emissions of our most important building material. CemVision’s approach replaces fossil limestone with waste materials and switches fuels such as plastic and coal for green thermal energy. CemVision creates a non-traditional cement type that has not only superior product properties compared to traditional Portland cement but also a lower carbon footprint due to the reduced need for limestone. CemVision’s low-carbon cement resembles specialty cements that were previously too expensive to use in general construction. In addition to reducing CO2 emissions, CemVision’s novel cement technology makes concrete construction faster and more resource efficient.

Anca Timofte is a Cohort 2 Breakthrough Energy Fellow and Chief Executive Officer and Co-founder of Holocene. Holocene is developing a regenerative direct air capture system that employs two novel organic chemistry compounds: one to increase the absorption capacity of water for carbon dioxide and one to remove the carbon dioxide through precipitation. The concentrated CO2 is to be stored underground or aboveground in alkaline wastes. Both chemical compounds are fully recycled through the process and can be integrated with traditional chemical engineering processes and widely available equipment. By using low-temperature regeneration of the compounds used in the direct air capture process, Holocene’s solution requires less energy than current technologies, has the advantages of solution-based continuous processes, and can be operated with renewable energy power sources. Holocene can provide low-cost and easily-scalable carbon removal from the atmosphere.